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Editorial: TAPPI Journal reinstates the “Technical Brief” short-form research paper, TAPPI Journal June 2019
ABSTRACT: For many years, TAPPI Journal (TJ) accepted submissions of “Technical Briefs” (also known as Technical Notes or Brief Notes) in addition to the full-length papers peer-reviewed papers that you have typically seen in more recent years. The TJ Editorial Board is once again accepting these short-form papers, as readers may have noticed in the last issue with publication of Tom Lindstrom’s short nanocellulose re-view (TAPPI Journal 18[5]: 308[2019]). Another Technical Brief appears on p. 391 of the current issue.
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Size distribution analysis of microstickies treated by enzyme mixtures in papermaking whitewater, TAPPI Journal March 2019
ABSTRACT: Microstickies present a formidable challenge for papermakers. Many strategies have been explored o control them. Enzyme treatment is a promising technology, but the mechanism of its action has not been determined, thus inhibiting further application of this new technology. This study investigated characteristics and size distributions of microstickies treated by esterase-cellulase mixtures. Determination of particle size and number was accomplished using a modified flow cytometer, which combined streaming capillary flow, laser-based particle size analysis and fluorescent dye tracing. The results showed that treatment of samples with enzyme mixtures induced size reduction of the larger microstickies. This effect was most dramatic for 1:1 ratios of esterase to cellulase. The treated particles were more stable than untreated ones. The smaller microstickies treated with some ratios of esterase and cellulase tended to aggregate over time.
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Controllable anisotropic properties of wet-laid hydroentangled nonwovens, TAPPI Journal March 2019
ABSTRACT: For nonwovens, fiber orientation distribution is an important structural characteristic that directly influences the anisotropic properties of the materials. Different Vslurry/Vbelt ratios were adopted to fabricate nonwovens during the wet-laid process. The results indicated that fiber orientation distribution of nonwovens can be regulated by adopting different Vslurry/Vbelt ratios owing to the web-forming principle of wet-laid techniques. Mechanical tests showed that both wet and dry tensile strength of nonwovens in different angle directions present anisotropy under different Vslurry/Vbelt ratio parameters. A liquid spreading distribution experiment proved that liquid spreading length and area of nonwovens could be manipulated using different Vslurry/Vbelt ratios in the fabrication process. Therefore, specific anisotropic properties of wet-laid hydroentangled nonwovens can be realized by controlling the process parameters for particular end-use applications.
Journal articles
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Sources, collection, and handling of noncondensible gases in modern kraft pulp mills
ABSTRACT: This work describes and discusses sources of noncondensible gases (NCG) in modern kraft pulp mills and modern NCG collection from process units where odor emissions can occur if these gases are released to the surroundings. A mill-wide overview of NCG sources and collection in modern pulp mills is provided. Using modern practices, malodorous gases can be collected to the extent that a pulp mill is essentially odor free. The key to limiting complaint-causing odors is prevention of these emissions during process disturbances, equipment malfunctions, operator errors, and other unforeseen occurrences.
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Editorial: The changing face of the coated paper industry, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2018
Editorial: The changing face of the coated paper industry, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2018
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Advantages of lean duplex stainless steels in the pulp and paper industry, TAPPI Journal April 2023
ABSTRACT: The performance of lean duplex stainless steels has been utilized by the pulp and paper industry since their introduction to the market almost 20 years ago. Experience has shown that this group of stainless steels has exceptional performance in, for example, alkaline environments towards typical deterioration mechanisms, i.e., uniform corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. The chemistry of the “lean” duplex steels is designed so that the content of volatile and expensive elements like nickel and molybdenum can be reduced to an absolute minimum without sacrificing the technical performance. This reduces the raw material cost and most importantly provides predictability of the steel price, which is often challenging with conventional austenitic and duplex stainless steels.Thanks to a dual phase microstructure and high nitrogen content, lean duplex steels have at least two times higher strength compared to standard austenitic stainless steels. This is often a preferred feature in pulp and paper construction, as it enables lighter structures and less material to be utilized. Today, lean duplex steels are widely available in various dimensions, from thin cold rolled sheets up to thick hot rolled plates. Lean duplex steels are also fully recyclable after the decommissioning stage of the equipment, thereby contributing to the circular economy.
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Mechanistic aspects of nanocellulose•cationic starch•colloidal silica systems for papermaking, TAPPI Journal February 2023
ABSTRACT: Optimization of a chemical additive program for a paper machine can require attention to both colloidal charges and kinetic effects. This work considered an additive program with two negatively charged substances (nanofibrillated cellulose [NFC] and colloidal silica) and two positively charged items (cationic starch and cationic acrylamide copolymer retention aid). Results were shown to depend on charge interactions; however, that clearly was not the whole story. Some findings related to cationic demand, dewatering, fine-particle retention, and flocculation among fibers were best explained in terms of at least partly irreversible complexation interactions between the charged entities. Adjustments in ratios between oppositely charged additives, their sequences of addition, and effects of hydrodynamic shear levels all affected the results. In general, the most promising results were obtained at a cationic starch level of 0.25% to 0.5% based on sheet solids in systems where the cationic starch was used as a pretreatment for NFC.
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An analytical method to quantitatively determine the amount of polyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE) in paperboard and white water, TAPPI Journal February 2023,
ABSTRACT: Polyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE) is a permanent wet strength resin. When applied to paperboard, some amount of resin is retained in the sheet, and some is lost to the white water. An analytical method for quantifying the amount of PAE retained in the sheet and lost into the white water has been developed. This method hydrolyzes the PAE to adipic acid, which in turn is derivatized to diethyl adipate and quantified by pyrolysis gas chromatography•mass spectrometry (pyGCMS). In addition, the hydrolysis conditions of the PAE were studied by the Taguchi approach, and PAE material balances around the dry sheet and white water for 3 and 6 lb/ton PAE applications have been performed. The PAE resin recovery was 95.4% with 65.0% in the sheet for the 3 lb/ton PAE-charged paper-board, and the recovery was 96.7% with 36.1% in the sheet for the 6 lb/ton PAE-charged paperboard.
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Editorial: Reflections on the Page equation, laboratory work, and new concepts, TAPPI Journal May 2022
ABSTRACT: I began teaching paper physics to undergraduates in the late 1980s when the recognized giants in the field were still actively debating their subjects in the literature and scientific conferences.
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Life cycle carbon analysis of packaging products containing nonwood residues: A case study on linerboard and corrugating medium, TAPPI Journal March 2024
ABSTRACT: Circularity is creating momentum toward utilizing waste feedstock in a myriad of applications. The paper industry is not an exception to this trend, and packaging products made from agricultural or agro-industrial residues are receiving more attention now than ever. Additionally, negative consumer perceptions of tree felling are accelerating the acceptance of these fibers. Nevertheless, adopting these residues raises the issue of whether they constitute a better alternative to fight climate change than wood. Answering this question is imperative to ensure that pledges to reduce carbon footprints across the industry are fulfilled. This paper aims to estimate the carbon footprint of corrugating medium and linerboard containing wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse pulp compared to analogous wood-based materials. The goal was also to understand how methodological decisions to allocate emissions to nonwood residues can affect the results. This study includes a life cycle carbon analysis spanning from cradle to grave, which comprises stages for residue production, pulping, paper-making, waste management, and corresponding transportation. For the proposed case study, the results suggest that straw- and bagasse-based medium and linerboard can present a higher carbon footprint than products made from virgin and recycled wood fibers. The main driver is the production of nonwood chemimechanical pulp. In addition, the lower capacity of nonwood residues to be recycled increases the overall impact. Finally, decisions around emissions allocation highly influence the results. This study helps mitigate part of the uncertainty around the environmental sustainability of corrugating medium and linerboard made from the selected nonwood residues.
