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Journal articles
The recovery of by-products and pulping chemicals from industrial soda bagasse spent liquors, TAPPI JOURNAL March 1989
The recovery of by-products and pulping chemicals from industrial soda bagasse spent liquors, TAPPI JOURNAL March 1989
Journal articles
89JAN127
Predicting equilibrium causticizing efficiencies by a model based on ionic equilibrium, TAPPI JOURNAL January 1989
Journal articles
89AUG145
Rapid separation of wood into carbohydrate and lignin with concentrated acid-phenol system, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1989
Journal articles
89JAN135
Using catalase activity to measure microbiological activity in pulp and paper systems, TAPPI JOURNAL January 1989
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Experiments and visualization of sprays from beer can and turbo liquor nozzles, TAPPI Journal February 2022
ABSTRACT: Industrial scale swirl-type black liquor nozzles were studied using water as the test fluid. Simple water spraying experiments were found to be very beneficial for studying and comparing nozzles for black liquor spraying. These kinds of experiments are important for finding better nozzle designs. Three nozzle designs were investigated to understand the functional differences between these nozzles. The pressure loss of nozzle 1 (“tangential swirl”) and nozzle 3 (“turbo”) were 97% and 38% higher compared to nozzle 2 (“tan-gential swirl”). Spray opening angles were 75°, 60°, and 35° for nozzles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Video imaging showed that the nozzles produced sprays that were inclined a few degrees from the nozzle centerline. Spray patter-nation showed all the sprays to be asymmetric, while nozzle 2 was the most symmetric. Laser-Doppler measure-ments showed large differences in spray velocities between nozzles. The spray velocity for nozzle 1 increased from 9 m/s to 15 m/s when the flow rate was increased from 1.5 L/s to 2.5 L/s. The resulting velocity increase for nozzle 2 was from 7 m/s to 11 m/s, and for nozzle 3, it was from 8 m/s to 13 m/s. Tangential flow (swirl) directed the spray 6°–12° away from the vertical plane. Liquid sheet breakup mechanisms and lengths were estimated by analyzing high speed video images. The liquid sheet breakup mechanism for nozzle 1 was estimated to be wave formation, and the sheet length was estimated to be about 10 cm. Sheet breakup mechanisms for nozzle 2 were wave formation and sheet perforation, and the sheet length was about 20 cm. Nozzle 3 was not supposed to form a liquid sheet. Nozzle geometry was found to greatly affect spray characteristics.
Journal articles
The hyperbolic theory of light scattering, tensile strength, and density in paper, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2011
The hyperbolic theory of light scattering, tensile strength, and density in paper, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2011
Journal articles
Dynamic modeling of kraft pulping of southern pine based on on-line liquor analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1997, Vol. 80(3)
Dynamic modeling of kraft pulping of southern pine based on on-line liquor analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1997, Vol. 80(3)
Journal articles
System control, monitoring and piping considerations for automated grease system, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1997, Vol. 80(2)
System control, monitoring and piping considerations for automated grease system, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1997, Vol. 80(2)
