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Understanding the energy and emission implications of new technologies in a kraft mill: Insights from a CADSIM Plus simulation model, TAPPI Journal June 2024
ABSTRACT: Kraft mills play a vital role in energy transition because they have significant potential to reduce their own energy utilization and produce energy/products to decarbonize other sectors. Through biomass combustion and potential biogenic carbon emissions capture, these mills can contribute to offsetting emissions from other sectors. This research investigates the departmental and cross-departmental implications of technology upgrades on energy, steam, emissions, water, and chemicals using a CADSIM Plus simulation model. The model provides a comprehensive analysis of mass and energy balances, offering valuable insights into the benefits and limitations of each technology. The model facilitates scenario analysis and comparisons of process configurations, enabling data-driven decision-making for sustainable and competitive operations. Six high-impact technologies, including additional evaporator effects, weak black liquor membrane concentration, belt displacement washer for brownstock washing, oxygen delignification, and improvements to the pulp machine shoe press and vacuum pumps, are evaluated. Individual technologies resulted in energy savings of 1.2% to 5.4%, biomass consumption reductions of 8.6% to 31.6%, and total emissions reductions of 1.6% to 5.9%. Strategic decision-making must consider existing mill limitations, future technology implementation, and potential production increases. Future research will explore product diversification, biorefineries, and pathways to achieve carbon-negative operations, aiming to reduce emissions and secure a competitive future for kraft mills.
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Editorial: Surface energy in printing is the focus of runner-up, TAPPI Journal May 2024
ABSTRACT: The runner-up to the 2023 TAPPI Journal Best Re-search Paper was “Surface energy considerations for offset printing of coated paper and pa-perboard,” co-authored by Janet Pres-ton, Andrew Findlay, Jonathan Keen, and Eli Gaskin of Imerys Minerals in Par, England, UK. Their research appeared in the November 2023 special coating issue organized by TAPPI Journal Editorial Board Members Steve Ottone, Gregg Reed, and Greg Welsch.
Magazine articles
Editor's Notes: Paperless or Paper More?, TAPPI JOURNAL, Feb
Editor's Notes: Paperless or Paper More?, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2005, Vol. 4(2)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Editorial: Snapshot from the pandemic: TAPPI Journal Editorial Board shares their experiences, TAPPI Journal April 2020
ABSTRACT: In this most serious time of the global COVID-19 pandemic, I and TAPPI staff have been fortunate to work remotely and practice social distancing. The same goes for our Editorial Board. Still, the business of papermaking has continued, and those on our Board who support the industry through their work and research have had to make adjustments. Here, members of the Editorial Board share their experiences of working during the pandemic. As we all anticipate returning to a new normal that once again allows face-to-face interaction, we hope our TAPPI Journal readers stay safe and healthy as we all personally and professionally navigate this challenging time.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Synthesis of filtrate reducer from biogas residue and its application in drilling fluid, TAPPI Journal March 2020
ABSTRACT: Biogas residues (BR) containing cellulose and lignin are produced with the rapid development of biogas engineering. BR can be used to prepare the filtrate reducer of water-based drilling fluid in oilfields by chemical modification. BR from anaerobically fermenting grain stillage was alkalized and etherified by caustic soda and chloroacetic acid to prepare filtrate reducer, which was named as FBR. The long-chain crystalline polysaccharides were selected as dispersing agents (DA), and the water-soluble silicate was used as the cross-linking agent. After the hot rolling of FBR in saturated saltwater base mud for 16 h at 120°C, the filtration loss was increased from 7.20 mL/30 min before aging to 8.80 mL/30 min after aging. Compared with the commercial filtrate reducers, FBR had better tolerance to high temperature and salt, and lower cost.
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Laboratory method for determining the source of brightness loss at a southern United States bleached paperboard mill, TAPPI Journal October 2018
Laboratory method for determining the source of brightness loss at a southern United States bleached paperboard mill, TAPPI Journal October 2018
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Guest Editorial: Addressing nanocellulose commercialization needs: R&D collaboration is vital, TAPPI Journal April 2019
This special edition of TAPPI Journal presents demonstrable progress toward the goal of commercial-scale implementation of nanocellulose. Steve Winter of International Paper and I, as co-leads of the Cellulosic Nanomaterials team of the Alliance for Pulp & Paper Technology Innovation (APPTI), see this widespread engagement of the research community in developing innovations as critical to successful commercialization. Congratulations and thanks to TAPPI and to the researchers publishing in this issue and elsewhere.
Journal articles
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Characterization of the redispersibility of cellulose nanocrystals by particle size analysis using dynamic light scattering, TAPPI Journal April 2019
ABSTRACT: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), which are derived from the most abundant and inexhaustible natural polymer, cellulose, have received significant interest owing to their mechanical, optical, chemical, and rheological properties. In order to transport CNC products conveniently and efficiently, they are ideally dried and stored as pow-ders using freeze-drying or spray-drying technologies. The redispersibility of CNC powders is quite important for their end use; hence, a convenient method is required to characterize the redispersibility of CNC powders. In this paper, the possibility of characterizing the redispersibility of CNC powders by particle size analysis using dynamic light scattering (DLS) was investigated by comparing the results from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and DLS. The particle size obtained with DLS approximately matched that obtained with TEM. Compared with TEM, DLS is a quick and convenient method to measure the particle size distribution of CNCs in water. Two kinds of dispersing methods, sonication and high-speed shearing, and two kinds of CNCs prepared by different methods, sulfuric acid hydrolysis and the TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) oxidization method, were used to study the redis-persibility of CNCs. Sonication was more efficient than the high-speed shearing method for nanoscale dispersion of CNC powders in water. CNCs prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis could be more easily redispersed in water than those prepared by TEMPO oxidation.
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Priorities for development of standard test methods to support the commercialization of cellulose nanomaterials, TAPPI Journal April 2019
ABSTRACT: With the growing number of producers and users of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), there is an increasing need to develop standard test methods to control production and quality of CNMs. In 2014, a Task Group was formed within the ISO Technical Committee 6 Paper, board and pulps to begin addressing the need for standards. This Task Group, TG 1, was tasked with reviewing existing standards and identifying the need for additional standards to characterize CNMs.In March 2018, TG 1 launched a survey to ask CNM producers around the world about the importance of having standard procedures to measure and quantify a variety of CNM properties, both physical and chemical. Producers were asked to identify the type(s) of CNM they produced and their scale of production, and to rank the properties for which they felt standard test methods were most important. In this paper, we summarize the survey responses and identify those properties of highest interest for producers of both cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nano- and microfibril-based materials (CNFs/CMFs). Properties of importance can be divided into three broad groups: i) a standard has either been developed or is under develop-ment, ii) a currently used standard could be adapted for use with CNMs, or iii) no standard is currently available and further R&D and consultation with industry is needed before a suitable and well-validated standard can be developed. The paper also examines the challenges of developing new standard methods for some of the key properties—as well as the feasibility and limitations of adapting exiting standards—to CNMs.
Journal articles
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Real-time monitoring of bubble size distribution in a foam forming process, TAPPI JOURNAL August 2019
ABSTRACT: Foam forming is an intricate option to lessen fiber flocculation and to get better energy and water efficiency when making fiber-based products. Developed during the 1970s, this approach has recently received renewed attention, mainly because it also offers possibilities to widen the fiber-based product portfolios with novel and more valuable products. In addition to air content, bubble size is the most important property of foam. Foam quality control is essential for building real-world foam forming processes. In this work, we show how bubble size can be monitored with direct optical imaging in real time in real process conditions, and how such analysis helps adjust foam quality and discover process faults in foam forming.