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Effect of pressure and time on water absorption of coated paperboard based on a modified Cobb test method, TAPPI Journal April 2024
ABSTRACT: This manuscript presents the study of water absorption by paperboard subjected to water at high hydrostatic pressure based on a modified Cobb tester. The new tester is based on TAPPI Standard Test Method T 441; however, the water column can reach up to 550 mm. The evaluation consisted of measurements of water absorption for coated and uncoated paperboard at different exposure times from 5 s to 45 s and water column heights from 10 mm to 500 mm (corresponding to hydrostatic pressures 98 Pa and 4.9 kPa, respectively). The coatings were formulated as a combination of styrene acrylate (SA; two binder levels) and two types of ground calcium carbonates (differing particle sizes) to form the two pre-coating structures: open and closed. The coating weight was 6 g/m2 applied on 210 g/m2 solid bleached board (SBB). In addition, 210 g/m2 uncoated boards were studied. Characterization of the coatings was performed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion, and roughness. It was found that the new device properly mimics the conditions of the current Cobb tester. The characterization of the coating also confirmed the presence of more open/larger pores of open coatings, confirming the desired coating structure. The absorption of boards was mainly driven by exposure pressure by comparing with exposure time. This was already evident after shorter periods of exposure time at 5 s and also 15 s exposure time. Paperboards with open coatings showed slightly higher absorption than other boards.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Convolutional neural networks enhance pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry identification of coated papers, TAPPI Journal August 2024
ABSTRACT: In the evolving paper industry, accurate identification of coated paper components is essential for sustainability and recycling efforts. This study employed pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS) to examine six types of coated paper. A key finding was the minimal interference of the paper substrate with the pyrolysis products of the coatings, ensuring reliable analysis. A one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was employed to process the extracted ion chromatograms directly, simplifying the workflow and achieving a predictive accuracy of 95.2% in identifying different coating compositions. Additionally, the study high-lighted the importance of selecting an optimal pyrolysis temperature for effective feature extraction in machine learning models. Specific markers for coated papers, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polylactic acid (PLA), and waterborne polyacrylates (WP), were identified. This research demonstrates a novel approach to coated paper identification by combining Py-GCMS with machine learning, offering a foundation for further studies in product quality and environmental impact.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Editor's Note: An Ideal Raw Material for Pulp and Paper, TAP
Editor's Note: An Ideal Raw Material for Pulp and Paper, TAPPI JOURNAL March 2010
Magazine articles
Bay state paper company: a mill that reinvented itself, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2000, Vol. 83(3)
Bay state paper company: a mill that reinvented itself, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2000, Vol. 83(3)
Magazine articles
Global multi-pigment savvy from imerys, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2000, Vol. 83(6)
Global multi-pigment savvy from imerys, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2000, Vol. 83(6)
Magazine articles
Paper companies adopt sophisticated techniques to win customers, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 2000, Vol. 83(10)
Paper companies adopt sophisticated techniques to win customers, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 2000, Vol. 83(10)
Magazine articles
The role of science in setting the environmental agenda, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 2000, Vol. 83(9)
The role of science in setting the environmental agenda, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 2000, Vol. 83(9)
Magazine articles
A financial analysis of north american pulp and paper companies, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2000, Vol. 83(7)
A financial analysis of north american pulp and paper companies, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2000, Vol. 83(7)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Pareto-based design of experiments for identifying and comparing optimum sealing parameters of heat sealing applications in packaging machines, TAPPI Journal June 2023
ABSTRACT: Sealing is one of the most important process steps in industrial packaging, because the sealed seam is the most sensitive section of a package in terms of quality. For this reason, a major focus in flexible packaging is the sealing process, and among this, heat sealing is the most frequently used technology. In detail, applications of heat sealing processes are confronted with four conflicting objectives: increasing seam quality, reducing dwell time, reducing sealing temperature, and increasing process robustness towards varying conditions. Typical problems, such as identification of the optimum process parameters or selection of the most appropriate packaging film, are subject to these conflicting objectives.This paper presents a recently published design of experiments for characterizing and comparing heat sealing properties of packaging films based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm. The approach provides easy-to-read charts showing all optimum sealing parameters with regard to the four essential objectives of heat sealing: seam quality, dwell time, sealing temperature, and process robustness. Three case studies show exemplary applications of the new approach: 1) analyzing transport damages of beverage powder packages; 2) identifying and comparing optimum sealing parameter of a standard, mono-material, and fiber based packaging film regarding tightness and visual properties of the produced sachets; and 3) analyzing the effect of additional aluminum layers on sealing characteristics regarding hot-tack.The new design of experiments may provide the basis of a standard test method for the identification of optimal sealing parameters in the heat sealing processes.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Predicting strength characteristics of paper in real time using process parameters, TAPPI Journal March 2022
ABSTRACT: Online paper strength testing methods are currently unavailable, and papermakers have to wait for manufacture of a complete reel to assess quality. The current methodology is to test a very small sample of data (less than 0.005%) of the reel to confirm that the paper meets the specifications. This paper attempts to predict paper properties on a running paper machine so that papermakers can see the test values predicted in real time while changing various process parameters. This study was conducted at a recycled containerboard mill in Chicago using the multivariate analysis method. The program provided by Braincube was used to identify all parameters that affect strength characteristics. Nearly 1600 parameters were analyzed using a regression model to identify the major parameters that can help to predict sheet strength characteristics. The coefficients from the regression model were used with real-time data to predict sheet strength characteristics. Comparing the prediction with test results showed good correlation (95% in some cases). The process parameters identified related well to the papermaking process, thereby validating the model. If this method is used, it may be possible to predict various elastic moduli (E11, E12, E22, etc.) in the future as the next step, rather than the traditional single number “strength” tests used in the containerboard industry, such as ring crush test (RCT), corrugating medium test (CMT), and short-span compression strength test.
